RESEARCH / A0270
Hydrogen-Based Reduction Boosts Sustainable Iron Production from Red Mud
Read the original paper · 10.1021/jacs.5c10175 ↗
Source figures may contain other techniques and soft X-ray spectra. C, N and O measurements are outside our current hard-XAFS testing range.
Figure 3. Characterization of the red mud irradiated by hydrogen plasma and the mechanism of iron extraction. (a,b) Morphology and element distribution of the initial red mud (a) and the reduced sample (b). The white arrows point to the Fe-rich region, showing the formation of pure iron. Scale bars, 1 μm. (c) XPS analysis of the initial red mud and reduced sample. (d) Normalized XANES spectra of the Fe K-edge for the reduced sample, Fe3O4, Fe2O3, and Fe foil. (e) Fitted valence states of Fe for the reduced product, Fe3O4, Fe2O3, and Fe foil. (f) FT-EXAFS of the Fe K-edge for product, Fe3O4, Fe2O3, and Fe foil. (g) Mechanism of Fe extraction from red mud using plasma-enhanced hydrogen vapor reduction.